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1.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 81(6): 524-532, June 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447424

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Cognitive impairment (CI) during the acute phase of stroke should not be ignored. The present study analyzed the relationship between computed tomography perfusion (CTP) in different lobes and CI during the acute phase of stroke in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods The present study included 125 subjects: 96 in the acute phase of stroke and 29 elderly healthy subjects as a control group. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate the cognitive status of the two groups. The CTP scans include four parameters: cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), time to peak (TTP), and mean transit time (MTT). Results The MoCA scores for naming, language and delayed recall significantly decreased only in patients with left cerebral infarctions. The MTT of the left vessels in the occipital lobe and the CBF of the right vessels in the frontal lobe were negatively related to the MoCA scores of patients with left infarction. The CBV of the left vessels in the frontal lobe and the CBF of left vessels in the parietal lobe were positively linked to the MoCA scores of patients with left infarction. The CBF of the right vessels in the temporal lobe was positively related to the MoCA scores of patients with right infarction. Finally, the CBF of the left vessels in the temporal lobe was inversely correlated with the MoCA scores of patients with right infarctions. Conclusion During the acute phase of stroke, CTP was closely associated with CI. Changed CTP could be a potential neuroimaging biomarker to predict CI during the acute phase of stroke.


Resumo Antecedentes O comprometimento cognitivo (CC) durante a fase aguda do acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) não deve ser ignorado. O presente estudo analisou a relação entre perfusão por tomografia computadorizada (PTC) em diferentes lobos e CC durante a fase aguda do AVC em pacientes com infarto cerebral. Métodos O presente estudo incluiu 125 indivíduos: 96 na fase aguda do AVC e 29 idosos saudáveis como grupo controle. O Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) foi usado para avaliar o estado cognitivo dos dois grupos. Os exames de PCT incluem quatro parâmetros: fluxo sanguíneo cerebral (FSC), volume sanguíneo cerebral (VSC), tempo até o pico (TAP) e tempo médio de trânsito (TMT). Resultados Os escores do MoCA para nomeação, linguagem e recordação tardia diminuíram significativamente apenas em pacientes com infarto cerebral esquerdo. O TMT dos vasos esquerdos no lobo occipital e o FSC dos vasos direitos no lobo frontal foram negativamente relacionados aos escores MoCA de pacientes com infarto esquerdo. A VSC dos vasos esquerdos em o lobo frontal e o FSC dos vasos esquerdos no lobo parietal foram positivamente ligados aos escores MoCA de pacientes com infarto esquerdo. O FSC dos vasos direitos no lobo temporal foi positivamente relacionado com os escores MoCA de pacientes com infarto direito. Finalmente, o FSC dos vasos esquerdos no lobo temporal foi inversamente correlacionado com os escores MoCA de pacientes com infartos direitos. Conclusão Durante a fase aguda do AVC, a PCT esteve intimamente associada ao CC. O PCT alterado pode ser um potencial biomarcador de neuroimagem para prever CC durante a fase aguda do AVC.

2.
Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases ; (12): 794-800, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-987081

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To explore the ideal sagittal position of the lower third of the face in high-angle patients with different forehead forms and to provide a reference for clinical treatment. @*Methods@#Informed consent and portrait authorization were obtained from all patients, and the study passed the ethical review of the unit. We categorized forehead forms into four types: straight, rounded, type I angular (angled at the middle third of the forehead) and type II angular (angled at the upper third of the forehead). Profiles of high-angle patients with different forehead forms were collected. The initial position was when the facial axis point (FA point) was positioned at the goal anterior-limit line (GALL). After being silhouetted, the lower third of the face was moved forward and backward by 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm each, plus the initial silhouetted picture, to obtain 9 images for each patient. A survey was created with these lateral profile silhouettes, and the silhouette images were ranked by 30 orthodontists and 30 laypersons. @*Results@# There were significant differences in profile scores at different movement distances of the lower third of the face among high-angle patients with different forehead shapes (P<0.05). Overall, high-angle patients with straight or type II angular foreheads had higher scores when the lower third of the face did not move. For high-angle patients with a rounded forehead, orthodontists and laypersons gave the highest scores when the lower third of the face was moved backward by 2 mm and 4 mm, respectively. For high-angle patients with a type I angular forehead, orthodontists thought the scores of backward movement of 4 mm were the highest, and laypersons thought the scores of backward movement of 3 mm were the highest. No significant difference was found in scores between orthodontists and laypersons (P>0.05). @*Conclusion @#The forehead forms and the sagittal position of the lower third of the face will affect the face’s profile aesthetics. Patients with straight and type Ⅱ angular foreheads has the best profile when the FA point is located on the GALL line. For patients with rounded and type Ⅰ angular foreheads, a posterior location of the lower third of the face is more desirable than the initial position.

3.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 29: e2022_0371, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407584

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction The great difficulty and the high risk are inherent marks of artistic gymnastics. It demands motor coordination of large muscle groups. Objective Improve the training of body coordination control in gymnasts. Methods We randomly selected 16 gymnasts as research volunteers, randomly divided into two groups of the same age distribution. After the training period, a new training protocol was implemented, and motor coordination control was analyzed after this intervention. Results There was no significant difference in a one-sided comparative index (P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the balance index and the speed index in the fast touch point direction in the athletes (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, there was a significant difference in the overall test index between the experimental groups (P<0.01). The motor coordination of the experimental group had a significant improvement. Conclusion The techniques of cross-striking, fast pedaling, balance, jump rope, two-handed grip, two-handed dribbling, kicking, and seven other techniques evaluated showed a great relationship with the motor coordination of gymnastics athletes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.


RESUMO Introdução A elevada dificuldade e o alto risco são marcas inerentes da ginástica artística. Ela exige a coordenação motora de grandes grupos musculares. Objetivo Aprimorar o treinamento do controle da coordenação corporal dos ginastas. Métodos Selecionou-se aleatoriamente 16 ginastas como voluntários de pesquisa, divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos de mesma distribuição etária. Após o período de treinamento, implementou-se um novo protocolo de treino e analisou-se o controle da coordenação motora após essa intervenção. Resultados Não houve diferença significativa em um índice comparativo unilateral (P>٠,٠٥). Houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes no índice de equilíbrio e no índice de velocidade na direção de ponto de toque rápido nos atletas (P<0,05). Em comparação com o grupo controle, houve uma diferença significativa no índice geral de teste entre os grupos experimental (P<0,01). A coordenação motora do grupo experimental teve uma melhora significativa. Conclusão As técnicas de batida cruzada, pedalada rápida, equilíbrio, pular corda, pegada com duas mãos, drible com duas mãos, chute e outras sete técnicas avaliadas demonstraram uma grande relação com a coordenação motora dos atletas de ginástica. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.


RESUMEN Introducción La alta dificultad y el alto riesgo son marcas inherentes a la gimnasia artística. Exige la coordinación motriz de grandes grupos musculares. Objetivo Mejorar el entrenamiento del control de la coordinación corporal en gimnastas. Métodos Se seleccionaron al azar 16 gimnastas como voluntarios de la investigación, divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos con la misma distribución de edad. Tras el periodo de entrenamiento, se aplicó un nuevo protocolo de entrenamiento y se analizó el control de la coordinación motora después de esta intervención. Resultados No hubo diferencias significativas en el índice comparativo unilateral (P>0,05). Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el índice de equilibrio y en el índice de velocidad en la dirección del punto de contacto rápido en los atletas (P<0,01). En comparación con el grupo de control, hubo una diferencia significativa en el índice de prueba global entre los grupos experimentales (P<0,01). La coordinación motora del grupo experimental tuvo una mejora significativa. Conclusión Las técnicas de golpe cruzado, pedaleo rápido, equilibrio, salto de cuerda, agarre con dos manos, regate con dos manos, patada y otras siete técnicas evaluadas mostraron una gran relación con la coordinación motora de los atletas de gimnasia. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

4.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 32(1): 123-132, jan.-mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138466

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar os modelos atualmente disponíveis de predição para o desenvolvimento de lesão renal aguda em unidades de terapia para adultos heterogêneas. Métodos: Foi realizada revisão sistemática dos modelos de predição de lesão renal aguda em unidades de terapia intensiva para pacientes adultos. Fizemos busca na base PubMed® quanto a publicações que relatassem desenvolvimento de um novo modelo de predição, validação de um modelo estabelecido, ou impacto de um modelo de predição existente para diagnóstico precoce de lesão renal aguda em unidades de terapia intensiva. Resultados: Triamos 583 artigos potencialmente relevantes. Dentre os 32 artigos que restaram após a primeira seleção, apenas 5 cumpriram os critérios para inclusão. As adaptações não padronizadas feitas para definir o valor inicial de creatinina sérica, quando o valor desse exame antes da admissão estava faltando, levaram a definições heterogêneas do resultado. Preditores comumente incluídos foram sepse, idade e nível de creatinina sérica. Os modelos finais incluíram entre 5 e 19 fatores de risco. As áreas sob a curva Característica de Operação do Receptor para predição do desenvolvimento de lesão renal aguda nas coortes de validação interna variaram entre 0,78 e 0,88. Apenas dois estudos tiveram validação externa. Conclusão: Os modelos de predição clínica de lesão renal aguda podem ajudar na aplicação em tempo apropriado de intervenções preventivas para os pacientes adequados. Contudo, poucos modelos foram externamente validados para as populações da unidade de terapia intensiva. Além disto, definições heterogêneas para lesão renal aguda e critérios de avaliação, e a falta de análise do impacto comprometem uma comparação abrangente dos modelos existentes. São necessárias novas pesquisas para validar os modelos estabelecidos e analisar seu impacto clínico, antes que estes possam ser aplicados na prática clínica.


ABSTRACT Objective: To report on the currently available prediction models for the development of acute kidney injury in heterogeneous adult intensive care units. Methods: A systematic review of clinical prediction models for acute kidney injury in adult intensive care unit populations was carried out. PubMed® was searched for publications reporting on the development of a novel prediction model, validation of an established model, or impact of an existing prediction model for early acute kidney injury diagnosis in intensive care units. Results: We screened 583 potentially relevant articles. Among the 32 remaining articles in the first selection, only 5 met the inclusion criteria. The nonstandardized adaptations that were made to define baseline serum creatinine when the preadmission value was missing led to heterogeneous definitions of the outcome. Commonly included predictors were sepsis, age, and serum creatinine level. The final models included between 5 and 19 risk factors. The areas under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curves to predict acute kidney injury development in the internal validation cohorts ranged from 0.78 to 0.88. Only two studies were externally validated. Conclusion: Clinical prediction models for acute kidney injury can help in applying more timely preventive interventions to the right patients. However, in intensive care unit populations, few models have been externally validated. In addition, heterogeneous definitions for acute kidney injury and evaluation criteria and the lack of impact analysis hamper a thorough comparison of existing models. Future research is needed to validate the established models and to analyze their clinical impact before they can be applied in clinical practice.


Subject(s)
Humans , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Intensive Care Units , Models, Theoretical
5.
China Pharmacist ; (12): 1256-1259, 2015.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-477283

ABSTRACT

To study the fingerprints of liposoluble components in Salvia yunnanensis roots collected from different habi-tats, and compare with the fingerprints of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Methods: The fingerprints were determined by HPLC and the results were analyzed by a similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprints of TCM ( Version 2004 A) . Results:The fingerprints of different samples of Salvia yunnanensis roots showed high similarity. And the characteristic peaks in the fingerprints of the liposoluble components were basically the same as those of Salvia miltiorrhiza, while the contents of several main effective components were lower than those in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Conclusion: The liposoluble components in Salvia yunnanensis roots show relatively high similarity with those in Salvia miltiorrhiza, however, there are obvious differences in the contents of the main constituents.

6.
Ciênc. cult. (Säo Paulo) ; 43(4): 312-5, July-Aug. 1991. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-113796

ABSTRACT

A injeçäo de ácido DL-amino-5-fosfonopentanóico (AP5) ou escopolamina na amígdala, no septo medial ou no hipocampo, imediatamente após o treino, causa amnésia retrógrada para um aprendizado de esquiva inibitória em ratos. A picrotoxina, no entanto, causa facilitaçäo retrógrada da memória e bloqueia o efeito do AP5 e da escopolamina. O timolol näo tem efeito próprio mas cancela as açöes da picrotoxina. O AP5 é um antagonista de receptores a N-metil-D- aspartato (NMDA) dos aminoácidos excitatórios; a escopolamina é um antagonista dos receptores colinérgicos muscarínicos; a picrotoxina bloqueia o canal de cloro estimulado pelos receptores GABA-A; e o timolol é um antagonista dos ß adrenoreceptores. Os resultados indicam que, na amígdala, no septo medial e no hipocampo, receptores NMDA e muscarínicos säo necessários para a consolidaçäo da memória, receptores GABA-A inibem a açäo dos anteriores, e receptores ß noradrenérgicos modulam a açäo dos receptores GABA-A. A amígdala, o septo medial e o hipocampo operam de forma näo redundante na consolidaçäo da memória


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate/pharmacology , Avoidance Learning/drug effects , Memory/drug effects , Picrotoxin/pharmacology , Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors , Scopolamine/pharmacology , Limbic System , Timolol/pharmacology , Injections, Intraventricular , Rats, Inbred Strains
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